Product name:Titanium Necklace OTN-006
Material: TA2 Titanium
Magnets: N/D 2000GS
Plating: Nickel & Cadmium Free
Size: 16.5'~18.5'
Titanium
Chemical element, Ti, atomic number 22 and atomic weight 47.90. Its chemical behavior
shows many similarities with that or silica and zirconium, as an element belonging to the
first transition group. Its chemistry in aqueous solution, especially in the lower
oxidation states, has some similarities with that of chrome and vanadium. Titanium is a
transition metal light with a white-silvery-metallic colour. It is stong, lustrous,
corrosion-resistant. Pure titanium is not soluble in water but is soluble in concentrated
acids. This metal forms a passive but protective oxide coating (leading to
corrosion-resistance) when exposed to elevated temperatures in air but at room
temperatures it resists tarnishing.
The main oxidation state is 4+, although the states 3+ and 2+ are also known, but are
less stable. This element burns in the air when it’s heated up to obtain the dioxide,
TiO2, and when it is combined with halogens. It reduces the water vapor to form
the dioxide and hydrogen, and it reacts in a similar way with hot concentrated acids,
although it forms trichloride with chlorhydric acid. The metal absorbs hydrogen to give
TiH2, and forms the nitride, TiN, and the carbide, TiC. Other known compounds
are the sulfur TiS2, as well as the lowest oxides, Ti2O3
and TiO, and the sulfurs Ti2S3 and TiS. Salts are known in the three
oxidation states.
Applications
The titanium dioxide is extensively used as a white pigment in outside paintings for
being chemically inert, for its great coating power, its opacity to UV light damage and
its autocleaning capacity. The dioxide was also used once as a bleaching and opicifying
agent in porcelain enamels, giving them a final touch of great brightness, hardness and
acid resistance. A typical lipstick contais 10% titanium.
Titaium alloys are characterized by very high tensile strength even at high
temperatures, light weight, high corrosion resistance, and ability to withstand extreme
temperatures. ue to these properties they are principally used in aircraft, pipes for
power plants, armour plating, naval ships, spacecraft and missiles. Titanium is as strong
as steel but 45% lighter.
In medicine titanium is used to make hip and knee replacements, pace-makers,
bone-plates and screws and cranial plates for skull fractures. It has also been used to
attach false theet.
The alkaline earth titanates have some remarkable properties. The level of dielectric
constants varies from 13 for the MgTiO3, to various milliards for solid
solutions of SrTiO3 in BaTiO3. The barium titanate also has a dielectric
constant of 10.000 close to 120ºC, which is its Curie point; it has low dielectric
histeresis. The ceramic transductors that contain barium titanate are favorably compared
with Rochelle salt in terms of thermal stability and with quartz in terms of the strength
of the effect and the capacity to form the ceramics in various forms. The compound has bee
used as ultrasonic vibrations generator and as a sound detector.
Health effects of titanium
There is no known biological role for titanium. There is a detectable amount of
titanium in the human body and it has been hestimated that we take in about 0.8 mg/day,
but most passes through us without being adsorbed. It is not a poisoun metal and the human
body can tolerate titanium in large dosis.
Elemental titanium and titanium dioxide is of a low order of toxicity. Laboratory
animals (rats) exposed to titanium dioxide via inhalation have developed small-localized
areas of dark-colored dust deposits in the lungs. Excessive exposure in humans may result
in slight changes in the lungs.
Effects of overexposure to titanium powder: Dust inhalation may cause tightness
and pain in chest, coughing, and difficulty in breathing. Contact with skin or eyes may
cause irritation. Routes of entry: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact.
Carcinogenicity: The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has
listed titanium dioxide within Group 3 (The agent is not classifiable as to its
carcinogenicity to humans.)
Titanium in the environment
Althoug it is not found unbound to other elements in nature, titamuim is the ninth most
abundant element in the Earth's crust (0.63% by mass) and is present in most igneous rocks
and in sediments derived from them. Important titanium minerals are rutile, brookite,
anatase, illmenite, and titanite. The chief mined ore, ilmenite, occurs as vast deposits
of sand in Western Australia, Norway, Canada and Ukraine. Large deposits of rutile in
North America and South Africa also contribute significantly to the world supply of
titanium. World production of the metal is about 90.000 tonnes per year, and that of
titanium dioxide is 4.3 million tonnes per year.
The titanium dioxide, TiO2, is commonly found in a black or brownish form
known as rutile. The natural forms that are less frequently found in nature are the
anatasite and the brooquite. Both the pure rutile and the pure anatasite are white. The
black basic oxide, FeTiO3, is found in the natural form as the natural mineral
called ilmenite; this is the main commercial source of titanium.
Low toxicity. When in a metallic powdered form, titanium metal poses a significant fire
hazard and, when heated in air, an explosion hazard.
No environmental effects have been reported.
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